standard error (of the mean) the standard deviation of a theoretical distribution of sample means of a variable around the true population mean of that variable. Seizure. The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children. race/ethnic-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific. Chapter 14: Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease - Quizlet Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. scale, ratio a measurement scale consisting of quantitative categories whose values are intervals with a true zero point (e.g., height in centimeters or duration of illness). The rate of becoming infected ( Parts of speech The line graph shows there were 37,800 new HIV infections in 2015, 37,900 in 2016, 36,700 in 2017, 36,200 in 2018, and 34,800 in 2019. contact, direct exposure or transmission of an agent from a source to a susceptible host through touching (e.g., from a human host by kissing, sexual intercourse, or skin-to-skin contact) or from touching an infected animal or contaminated soil or vegetation. an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. The findings come as the efficacy of. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. A This type of graph is useful for identifying medians and quartiles and other percentiles. In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted passive surveillance see surveillance, passive. bank accounts paying above the average rate of interest. dependent variable see variable, dependent. people that rate special treatment; an idea that rates attention. can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. Machine Learning for Antibiotic Stewardship in the Treatment of There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). mortality rate, age-adjusted a mortality rate that has been statistically modified to eliminate the effect of different age distributions among different populations. rate ratio a measure of association that quantifies the relation between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence rates or mortality rates of two groups. Alexander COVID News-Dr. Paul Elias Alexander's Newsletter DEVASTATING Australian NSW data showing the quadrupled COVID mRNA vaccinated (4 shots) have massive spikes in hospitalization & death! Normal White Blood Cell (WBC) Count - Verywell Health In epidemiology, does not imply intentional deviation. So even though cases overall grew, hospitalizations and deaths were down and that makes sense because younger people are more likely to experience mild or symptom-free, In other words, its hard to predict how many people might die of widespread, Some feared coming to work while others walked out of plants to protest the lack of, Data gathered in West Africa and elsewhere during the 1990s also built a case that BCG vaccination, in addition to preventing tuberculosis, protected people from a broad set of, They also refer to a recent study in Syrian hamsters that also suggested masking results in milder, Moving forward, medical innovation can play a substantial role in controlling and preventing, Thats still above the national average for new, THE NEW COVID-19 CASE SURGE IN EUROPE, EXPLAINED. period prevalence see prevalence, period. Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. A survival curve can also be used to depict freedom from a health problem, complication, or another endpoint. The number of deaths per year of live-born infants less than 1 year of age divided by the number of live births in the same year. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. transmission, direct immediate transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host by direct contact or droplet spread. Tea-flavored ice cream doesn't rate highly in my book. Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). 2. a certain amount of one thing considered in relation to a unit of another thing: at the rate of 60 miles an hour. study, analytic a study, usually observational, in which groups are compared to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. 2023. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. rate an expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. www.nottingham.ac.uk The code for attribution links is required. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). 77 Synonyms & Antonyms of INFECTION | Merriam-Webster Thesaurus The number of deaths in a specified population, usually expressed per 100,000 population over a given period, usually 1 year. The null hypothesis is used in conjunction with statistical testing. Lists. mean (or average) commonly called the average; it is the most common measure of central tendency. trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. The roles of different age groups in propagating Omicron epidemics in the whole . Blood to which an anticoagulant has been added is placed in a long, narrow tube, and the distance the red cells fall in 1 hr is the ESR. Best synonyms for 'rate of infection' are 'infection rate', 'incidence rate' and 'morbidity rate'. postneonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, postneonatal. pathogenicity the ability of an agent to cause disease after infection, measured as the proportion of persons infected by an agent who then experience clinical disease. CDC COVID Data Tracker: Home - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Infection rate | definition of infection rate by Medical dictionary midrange the halfway point, or midpoint, in a set of observations. There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. latency period the time from exposure to a causal agent to onset of symptoms of a (usually noninfectious) disease (see also incubation period). forest plot a graph that displays the point estimates and confidence intervals of individual studies included in a meta-analysis or systematic review as a series of parallel lines. Links to your sources would be appreciated. population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. I am not an alcoholic and I use to drink only on weekends. Prostadine is a natural dietary supplement that uses an advanced prostate complex formula to boost prostate gland health. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. The class intervals of the variable are grouped on a linear scale on the horizontal axis, and the class frequencies are grouped on the vertical axis. Isolation refers to separation of ill persons; quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons. COVID - Coronavirus Statistics - Worldometer sample, random a sample of persons chosen in such a way that each one has the same (and known) probability of being selected. variable, continuous a variable that has the potential for having an infinite number of values along a continuum (e.g., height and weight). Infection rate - definition of infection rate by The Free Dictionary bias a systematic deviation of results or inferences from the truth or processes leading to such systematic deviation; any systematic tendency in the collection, analysis, interpretation, publication, or review of data that can lead to conclusions that are systematically different from the truth. propagated outbreak see outbreak, propagated. See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). Typically, for a case to be confirmed, a person must have a positive result from laboratory tests. The denominator is the number of persons with the condition; the numerator is the number of cause-specific deaths among those persons. HIPAA the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, enacted in 1996, which addresses the privacy of a persons medical information as well as postemployment insurance and other health-related concerns. infant mortality rate see mortality rate, infant. a high (monthly) accident rate in a factory. A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center The mobile infection rate was 0.65% during the first half of Mobile infection rate jumps in H1 2014 cause, component a factor that contributes to a sufficient cause (see also cause, sufficient). measurement scale the complete range of possible values for a measurement. logarithmic transformation conversion of nominal or ordinal data to logarithmic data. high-risk group a group of persons whose risk for a particular disease, injury, or other health condition is greater than that of the rest of their community or population. neonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, neonatal. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be diagnosed . attributable proportion see proportion, attributable. confidence interval a range of values for a measure (e.g., rate or odds ratio) constructed so that the range has a specified probability (often, but not necessarily, 95%) of including the true value of the measure. transmission, airborne transfer of an agent suspended in the air, considered a type of indirect transmission. relative risk a general term for measures of association calculated from the data in a two-by-two table, including risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio (see also risk ratio). measure of central location a central value that best represents a distribution of data. bias, selection systematic difference in the enrollment of participants in a study that leads to an incorrect result (e.g., risk ratio or odds ratio) or inference. prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. chain of infection the progression of an infectious agent that leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, is conveyed by a mode of transmission, and then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. You can complete the list of synonyms of infection rate given by the English Thesaurus dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster English-Synonyms dictionary : translate English words into Synonyms with online dictionaries. Search. variance a measure of the spread in a set of observations, calculated as the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean, divided by the number of observations minus 1 (see also standard deviation). A safe and effective vaccine that offers 98% to 100% protection against hepatitis B is available. An endemic disease with a high rate of infection, especially one affecting people of all ages equally. proportionate mortality the proportion of deaths among a population attributable to a particular cause during a selected period. thesaurus. direct transmission see transmission, direct. The terms Prevalence rates and Rate of prevalence might have synonymous (similar) meaning. A The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each study participant and then follows each persons health status to determine the effects of the exposure. common-source outbreak see outbreak, common-source. transmission, mechanical indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent does not undergo physiologic changes inside the vector (see also transmission, biologic). rate of infection synonym special reconnaissance regiment spectrum of illness the range of manifestations a disease process can take (e.g., from asymptomatic to mild clinical illness to severe illness and death). birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. prevalence rates. active surveillance see surveillance, active. Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. Synonym: The average range of beats per minute recorded within a 10-min time frame. It increases, for example, in hyperthyroidism. Infection Synonyms | Collins English Thesaurus Prostadine Reviews Prostate Health [US,UK,CA, - jobs.blognone.com ERIC - EJ1329740 - COVID-19 Pandemic and the Shift to Digital Learning The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . case, index the first case or instance of a patient coming to the attention of health authorities. cause of disease a factor (e.g., characteristic, behavior, or event) that directly influences the occurrence of a disease. bar chart, 100% component a stacked bar chart in which all bars or columns are the same length, and the measured axis represents 0%100%. 1 scale, interval a measurement scale consisting of quantitative categories whose values are measured on a scale of equally spaced units, but without a true zero point (e.g., date of birth). EIS Epidemic Intelligence Service; CDCs 2-year training program in applied epidemiology for public health professionals (/eis). bar chart, grouped a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by adjoining bars or columns (i.e., a group) of categories of one variable, separated by space between groups. Retinal Degeneration. is given by: where frequency distribution a complete summary of the frequencies of the values or categories of a variable, often displayed in a two-column table with the individual values or categories in the left column and the number of observations in each category in the right column. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. The rate at which hair grows can be agonisingly slow. ) is the rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease. The rate of utilization of energy. confidence limits the end points (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of a confidence. contact exposure to a source of an infection; a person who has been exposed. This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births plus stillbirths. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. infectivity the ability of an infectious agent to cause infection, measured as the proportion of persons exposed to an infectious agent who become infected. dot plot a visual display of the specific data points of a variable. Determine mathematic problems. An example of a rate is: 1 HAI per 10,000 patient days in Hospital X in 2009. person-time the amount of time each participant in a cohort study is observed and disease-free, often summed to provide the denominator for a person-time rate. semilogarithmic-scale line graph see line graph, semilogarithmic-scale. COVID-19 infections are still rising in 72 countries. Unit-specific infection control data showed that VRE infections decreased by 70% (n = 33 before and n = 10 after) in a 19-month period after the intervention. Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. No report of Peak expiratory flow rate decreased is found for people with Escherichia urinary tract infection. pie chart a circular graph of a frequency distribution in which each segment of the pie is proportional in size to the frequency of corresponding category. Normally it is less than 10 mm/hr in men and slightly higher in women. A carrier can be asymptomatic (never indicate signs of the disease) or can display signs of the disease only during the incubation period, convalescence, or postconvalescence. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Normal, bell-shaped distributions are symmetrical; the mean, median, and mode are the same. 10 Words and Phrases for Infection Rates - Power Thesaurus risk the probability that an event will occur (e.g., that a person will be affected by, or die from, an illness, injury, or other health condition within a specified time or age span). crude when referring to a rate, an overall or summary rate for a population, without adjustment. Mesoendemic An endemic disease with a moderate rate of infection. For COVID-19, symptoms appear 2-14 days after infection. Synonym: The number of deaths in 1 year of infants aged 0 to 28 days divided by the number of live births in that same year. Principles of Epidemiology: Glossary - Centers for Disease Control and comparison group a group in an analytic study (e.g., a cohort or case-control study) with whom the primary group of interest (exposed group in a cohort study or case-patients in a case-control study) is compared. The WBC count is measured in a reference range of values by the number of blood cells in a cubic millimeter . Force of infection - Wikipedia In statistics, the frequency and pattern of the values or categories of a variable. axis one of the dimensions of a graph in a rectangular graph, the x-axis is the horizontal axis, and the y-axis is the vertical axis. Comment le classeriez-vous sur une chelle de un 10? years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. antigen any substance (e.g., a toxin or the surface of a microorganism or transplanted organ) recognized as foreign by the human body and that stimulates the production of antibodies. However, On this page you will find all the synonyms for the word to infection rate. mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. According to Word Health Organization (WHO) data, infant mortality caused by Succedaneum Caput infection decreased by 0.05% from 4 million infants who died at 30 days (advanced neonatal). attack rate, secondary a measure of the frequency of new cases of a disease among the contacts of known patients. transmission, vehicleborne transmission of an agent by an inanimate object; considered a type of indirect transmission; includes foodborne and waterborne transmission. 2019 National HIV Surveillance System Reports | NCHHSTP | CDC On the changing role of individuals in different age groups in Track the global spread of coronavirus with maps and updates on cases and deaths around the world. DEVASTATING (repost) Australian NSW data showing the quadrupled COVID cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each community and then follows the communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. hypothesis, null the supposition that two (or more) groups do not differ in the measure of interest (e.g., incidence or proportion exposed); the supposition that an exposure is not associated with the health condition under study, so that the risk ratio or odds ratio equals 1. class limits the values at the upper and lower ends of a class interval. A 2003 analysis in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes calculated that more than $18 billion in medical costs could have been saved by the year 2010 had the CDC invested just $383 million more in prevention programming per year from 2000 to 2005, an amount that theoretically could have cut the annual HIV, About 70 percent of the country's people are Catholic; Burundi has an HIV, Each of the 1,000 simulations at the given, Adult HIV prevalence in Swaziland is above 40 percent, and Malawi is struggling with a 14 percent, At almost 39 percent, Swaziland's adult HIV, The project was established in 2001 in response to the growing HIV, We will continue to look for ways to lower the, In an article published in the February 2003 issue of Conservation Biology, he and his team found that important Northeastern tick host species such as white-footed mice fared better when forest tracts were smaller than five acres, and that the, Using a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, they examined whether states with higher exposure to the reformulated OxyContin had faster growth of HCV, Similarly, a recent comparative study suggested that chlorhexidine appeared superior to povidone-iodine, as the latter tripled the.

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